01 - Warm the olive oil in a large deep skillet or Dutch oven set over medium heat until it shimmers slightly.
02 - Add the minced garlic and thinly sliced red onion to the pan. Cook for 2 minutes, stirring frequently, until the onion softens and the garlic becomes fragrant.
03 - Toss in the sliced bell pepper, zucchini, halved cherry tomatoes, olives, and capers. Continue cooking for 3 to 4 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables begin to soften.
04 - Pour in the dried pasta along with the oregano, thyme, and chili flakes. Add the vegetable broth and stir everything together thoroughly to combine.
05 - Bring the mixture to a rolling boil, then reduce the heat to medium-low. Cover with a lid and simmer for 12 to 15 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the pasta is tender yet still firm and most of the liquid has been absorbed.
06 - Stir in the baby spinach and cook uncovered for 2 minutes until the leaves are fully wilted and bright green.
07 - Taste the dish and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper as needed.
08 - Ladle the pasta into bowls while hot. Finish each portion with a generous sprinkle of crumbled feta and torn fresh basil leaves.